Glossary
Black Body- Is an idealized object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation falling on it. Blackbodies absorb and incandescently re-emit radiation in a characteristic, continuous spectrum. Because no light (visible electromagnetic radiation) is reflected or transmitted, the object appears black when it is cold. However, a black body emits a temperature-dependent spectrum of light. A theoretical black body has a emissivity of 1.
Carbonific- A chemical compound that, upon decomposition, produces a mass of carbon.-which frequently occupies a volume much greater than the original unburned materials.
Endothermic reaction- Pertaining to a reaction which is accompanied by the absorption of heat, as opposed to exothermic.
Emissivity- The emissivity of a material (usually written ε or e) is the relative ability of its surface to emit energy by radiation. It is the ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to energy radiated by a black body at the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's ability to radiate absorbed energy. A true black body would have an ε = 1 while any real object would have ε < 1. Emissivity is a dimensionless quantity.
Heat flux- is a flow of energy per unit of area per unit of time. In SI units, it is measured in [W/m2]. It has both a direction and a magnitude so it is a vectorial quantity. To define the heat flux at a certain point in space, one takes the limiting case where the size of the surface becomes infinitesimally small.
Polymerisation- In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomermolecules together in a chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks or polymer chains
Radiation- Describes a process in which energetic particles or waves travel through a medium or space. There are two distinct types of radiation; ionizing and non-ionizing. The word radiation is commonly used in reference to ionizing radiation only (i.e., having sufficient energy to ionize an atom), but it may also refer to non-ionizing radiation (e.g., radio waves or visible light). The energy radiates (i.e., travels outward in straight lines in all directions) from its source. This geometry naturally leads to a system of measurements and physical units that are equally applicable to all types of radiation. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can be harmful to organisms and can result in changes to the natural environment
Viscosity- is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. In everyday terms (and for fluids only), viscosity is "thickness" or "internal friction". Thus, water is "thin", having a lower viscosity, while honey is "thick", having a higher viscosity. Put simply, the less viscous the fluid is, the greater its ease of movement (fluidity).
Carbonific- A chemical compound that, upon decomposition, produces a mass of carbon.-which frequently occupies a volume much greater than the original unburned materials.
Endothermic reaction- Pertaining to a reaction which is accompanied by the absorption of heat, as opposed to exothermic.
Emissivity- The emissivity of a material (usually written ε or e) is the relative ability of its surface to emit energy by radiation. It is the ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to energy radiated by a black body at the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's ability to radiate absorbed energy. A true black body would have an ε = 1 while any real object would have ε < 1. Emissivity is a dimensionless quantity.
Heat flux- is a flow of energy per unit of area per unit of time. In SI units, it is measured in [W/m2]. It has both a direction and a magnitude so it is a vectorial quantity. To define the heat flux at a certain point in space, one takes the limiting case where the size of the surface becomes infinitesimally small.
Polymerisation- In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomermolecules together in a chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks or polymer chains
Radiation- Describes a process in which energetic particles or waves travel through a medium or space. There are two distinct types of radiation; ionizing and non-ionizing. The word radiation is commonly used in reference to ionizing radiation only (i.e., having sufficient energy to ionize an atom), but it may also refer to non-ionizing radiation (e.g., radio waves or visible light). The energy radiates (i.e., travels outward in straight lines in all directions) from its source. This geometry naturally leads to a system of measurements and physical units that are equally applicable to all types of radiation. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can be harmful to organisms and can result in changes to the natural environment
Viscosity- is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. In everyday terms (and for fluids only), viscosity is "thickness" or "internal friction". Thus, water is "thin", having a lower viscosity, while honey is "thick", having a higher viscosity. Put simply, the less viscous the fluid is, the greater its ease of movement (fluidity).
